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Nestor Iskander's Tale on the Taking of Tsargrad
Nestor Iskander's Tale on the Taking of Tsargrad (Russian: Повесть o взятии Царьграда) is a late 15th - early 16th-century Russian tale on the fall of Constantinople. It is extant in two redactions, both of which are thought to be derived from a single original now lost. The so-called 'Iskanderian' redaction, extant in a single copy, is part of an early 16th-century manuscript from the Troitse-Sergiev Monastery (Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra collection no. 773), and includes a reference to the supposed author, Nestor Iskander. The much more common 'chronicle' redaction forms the final chapter of the Russian chronicle of 1512, and differs from the 'Iskanderian' redaction chiefly in having no reference to the author.
== Historical Accuracy ==
The tale's historical accuracy, as compared to other accounts of the fall of Constantinople, is fairly low. The massive cannons cast by the Hungarian master Orban for the Ottomans at Adrianople are said to be cast by the walls of Constantinople. The Ottoman attempts to storm the city walls, which took place at night to minimize casualties from defensive fire, take place during the day. Arguably the most impressive event of the campaign, the Ottomans' launching of galleys into the Golden Horn by pulling them overland, is conspicuously ignored. The astronomical and meteorological events that were taken as portents of the city's fall are confounded. Contrary to the account of the tale, the Orthodox Patriarch was not present in the city during the siege, and the Byzantine empress had deceased previously.
Nestor Iskander claims to be a Russian ("Iskander" being a Turkified form of "Alexander") who was captured at young age by the Ottomans, circumcised and forced to convert to Islam, though he remained a Christian at heart. He was supposedly in the Ottoman camp during the siege of Constantinople, and afterwards compiled more facts about the event from surviving Byzantine witnesses. The problem with this claim, apart from the historical inaccuracies noted above, is Iskander's command of literary language and style, which show him to be highly erudite and educated, and most probably a monk. Therefore, it is assumed that Nestor Iskander is an imaginary author, and the tale was compiled from Greek and Slavic sources, though not all scholars share this view.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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